Nicolaus Copernicus

Nicolaus Copernicus (February 19, 1473 - May 24, 1543) was a Polish astronomer, mathematician, and cleric whose work revolutionized the understanding of the universe. His main scientific contribution was the formulation of the heliocentric model, which proposed that the Earth and other planets orbit the Sun , challenging the long-standing geocentric model. His most influential work, De revolutionibus orbium coelestium (On the Revolutions of the Celestial Spheres), was published in 1543 and marked the beginning of the Scientific Revolution. Despite initial resistance from the Church and the scientific community, his theory laid the foundation for the development of modern astronomy.

Quotes

• If perchance there should be foolish speakers who, together with those ignorant of all mathematics, will take it upon themselves to decide concerning these things, and because of some place in the Scriptures wickedly distorted to their purpose, should dare to assail this my work, they are of no importance to me, to such an extent do I despise their judgment as rash.
• Finally we shall place the Sun himself at the center of the Universe. All this is suggested by the systematic procession of events and the harmony of the whole Universe, if only we face the facts, as they say, "with both eyes open."